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Thanks for reading the Multilingual Books newsletter, your source for foreign language news, information, and product information and specials from Multilingual Books. This is also available as a web page at our website, www.multilingualbooks.com. In this issue:
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Sleep boosts ability to learn language
Public release from eurekalert.org
Scientists at the University of Chicago have demonstrated that sleeping has an important and previously unrecognized impact on improving people's ability to learn language.
Researchers find that ability of students to retain knowledge about words is improved by sleep, even when the students seemed to forget some of what they learned during the day before the next night's sleep. This paper, "Consolidation During Sleep of Perceptual Learning of Spoken Language," was published in the journal Nature. The paper was prepared by researcher Kimberly Fenn, Howard Nusbaum, Professor of Psychology, and Daniel Margoliash, Professor in Organismal Biology and Anatomy.
"Sleep has at least two separate effects on learning," the authors write. "Sleep consolidates memories, protecting them against subsequent interference or decay. Sleep also appears to 'recover' or restore memories."
Scientists have long hypothesized that sleep has an impact on learning, but the new study is the first to provide scientific evidence that brain activity promotes higher-level types of learning while we sleep. Although the study dealt specifically with word learning, the findings may be relevant to other learning, Nusbaum said. "We have known that people learn better if they learn smaller bits of information over a period of days rather than all at once. This research could show how sleep helps us retain what we learn."
In fact, the idea for the study arose from discussions Nusbaum and Fenn had with Margoliash, who studies vocal (song) learning in birds. "We were surprised several years ago to discover that birds apparently 'dream of singing' and this might be important for song learning," Margoliash said.
For their study, the team tested college student understanding of a series of common words produced in a mechanical, robotic way by a voice synthesizer that made the words difficult to understand. They first measured the students' ability to recognize the words. They then trained them to recognize the words and then tested them again to see how effective the training was.
None of the students heard the same word more than once, so they had to learn how to figure out the pattern of sounds the synthesizer was making. "It is something like learning how to understand someone speaking with a foreign accent." Nusbaum said.
The team tested three groups of students. The control group was tested one hour after they were trained and recognized 54 percent of the words, as opposed to the 21 percent they recognized before training. The scientists next trained students at 9 a.m. and tested them at 9 p.m., 12 hours later. During that time, the students had lost much of their learning and only made a 10 percentage point gain over their pre-test scores. A third group was tested at 9 a.m. after having been trained at 9 p.m. After a night's sleep, those students improved their performance by 19 percentage points over their pre-test scores. The students who were trained at 9 a.m. were tested again after a night's sleep, and their scores improved to the same level as the other students who had had a night's sleep.
"We were shocked by what we found," Nusbaum said. "We were particularly intrigued by the loss of learning the students experienced during the day and then recovered."
Researchers could not determine if the reduction in performance during the day was due to students forgetting what they'd learned, their listening to other speech or their thinking about unrelated issues during the day.
"If performance is reduced by interference, sleep might strengthen relevant associations and weaken irrelevant associations, improving access to relevant memories," the authors write. If information was forgotten, sleep might help people restore a memory.
Margoliash said, "Although these initial results cannot explain what is lost during the day, the question is very amenable to follow-up experiments."
Fenn added, "We are currently considering an FMRI study to investigate brain activity at the end of a day's learning compared with activity patterns after a night's sleep."
Read the full article at: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2003-10/uocm-sba100603.php
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Foreign Service Institute Greek 1 Released on CD
Multilingual Books is proud to announce our latest FSI (Foreign Service Institute) course CD release: FSI Greek 1! Our exclusive versions have the quality and convenience of a CD along with the top-notch language teaching methods that the Foreign Service is famous for. Each new version has been carefully digitally remastered for greatly improved sound quality as compared to the commonly available cassette courses or even other FSI vendors and is exclusive to Multilingual Books. We now have FSI or DLI courses available remastered on CD in over 15 languages including: Arabic, Chinese (Mandarin), Cantonese, French, German, Hebrew, Iraqi, Italian, Korean, Portuguese, Spanish, Swedish, Tagalog, and Thai. Find out more about our FSI courses at our
FSI page. Find out more about our Greek offerings at our Greek page.
May Top Products
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Last month's trivia questions and answers: The spring and summer months are a great time to take a vacation. What is the English translation and language of origin of these travel-themed words? 1. Flugzeug - Airplane, German 2. Voz - Train, Bosnian or Serbian 3. Samochód - Automobile, Polish 4. Vliegveld - Airport, Dutch 5. Valigia - Suitcase, Italian This month's winner is Carol Buchholz. Thanks to everyone who entered and congratulations to this month's winner. This month's trivia quiz: What are the 10 most spoken languages other than English in the USA? The answers and the winner will be in our next newsletter. Winner will receive their choice of one Talk Now or World Talk language CD-ROM! No purchase necessary to enter. E-mail your entry to:
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Modern Language Association
From the site: "Founded in 1883, the Modern Language Association of America provides opportunities for its members to share their scholarly findings and teaching experiences with colleagues and to discuss trends in the academy. MLA members host an annual convention and other meetings, work with related organizations, and sustain one of the finest publishing programs in the humanities. For over a hundred years, members have worked to strengthen the study and teaching of language and literature." The interactive Language Map on the site is of particular interest for anyone interested in language in the USA.
Check it out at http://www.mla.org/homepage.
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Platiquemos Super Special - Save $100 + Talk Now FREE!
Platiquemos Spanish Course Talk Now CD-ROM Course For a very limited time, order 4 levels of Platiquemos and receive $100 off plus Talk Now Spanish FREE! One week only. Use promo code MB-PSS-525 to receive this special. Order today! |
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FREE Shipping on Any Childrens Item Purchase Over $50! We are proud to offer a great selection of language materials for children! See our Children's Books, Courses, and Software page for an overview, plus we have individual children's sections in Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Hebrew, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Russian, Spanish, and Vietnamese. Save on our great selection of childrens items for one week only! Use promo code MB-KFS-525 to receive this special. |
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FREE Player With FSI Cassette Courses!
Foreign Service Institute Courses
Instant Replay Digital Cassette Recorder For a limited time, we are offering our newsletter subscribers a free Instant Replay Digital Cassette Recorder ($49 value) with purchase of one of our FSI courses on cassette priced over $100! Offer good for one week only, so act now! Use promo code MB-FFP-525 to receive this special. |
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